ASP.NET Web PDF Document Viewer/Editor Control Library

Subqueries are useful when you need to answer queries on the basis of as-yet unknown values, such as which employees have a salary higher than the employee with the employee ID 9999 To answer such a question, a subquery or inner query is executed first (and only once). The result of this subquery is then used by the main or outer query. Here s the query: SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT first_name||last_name, dept FROM employee WHERE sal > (SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE empno= 9999);

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A multiple-row subquery returns multiple rows in the output, so you need to use multiple-row comparison operators, such as IN, ANY, and ALL. Using a single-row operator with a multiple-row subquery returns this common Oracle error: ERROR: ORA-01427: single-row subquery returns more than one row

Multiple-column subqueries are queries where the inner query retrieves the values of more than one column. The rows in the subquery are then evaluated in the main query in pair-wise comparison, column by column and row by row.

Correlated subqueries are more complex than regular subqueries and answer questions such as What are the names of all employees whose salary is below the average salary of their department The inner query computes the average salary, and the outer or main query gets the employee information. However, for each employee in the main (outer) query, the inner query has to be computed, because department averages depend on the department number of the employee in the outer query.

In this example, the value of $0 would be runme, $1 would be a, $2 would be b, and so on. $@ would be set to the combination of all of the positional parameters: a b c d. This is necessary in our example script because you might want to call your editor with a wild card, such as filename*, or you might want to call the editor to edit a list of files. The variable ALLTHEFILES is set for this purpose. In the following code we start the main loop that iterates through the list of files passed to the script. First we determine the path and filename of the current file.

The EXISTS operator tests for the existence of rows in the inner query or subquery when you re using subqueries. The NOT EXISTS operator tests for the nonexistence of rows in the inner query. In the following statement, the EXISTS operator will be TRUE if the subquery returns at least one row: SQL> SELECT department_id FROM departments d WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM employees e WHERE d.department_id = e.department_id);

Can C++ source code be compiled to managed code Can source code use native types Can generated object files be linked with native object files to produce a mixed-code assembly Can managed code in the resulting assembly be verifiably type safe (Required if assembly should execute with restricted .NET permissions) Can the resulting assembly be loaded from a network share Yes Yes Yes

Oracle Database 10g adds support for regular expressions to SQL. Regular expressions let you use special operators to manipulate strings or carry out a search. Traditionally, developers used operators such as LIKE, REPLACE and SUBSTRING in their search expressions. However, these expressions forced you to write lengthy SQL and PL/SQL code when performing complex searches. Oracle Database 10g lets you perform complex searches and string manipulations easily with regular expressions.

A regular expression searches for patterns in character strings. The character string has to be one of CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, or NVARCHAR2, and the regular expression function can be one of the following: REGEXP_LIKE REGEXP_REPLACE REGEXP_INSTRING REGEXP_SUBSTRING The REGEXP_LIKE function evaluates strings using a specified set of characters. The regular expression function searches for a pattern in a string, which is specified with the SOURCE_STRING parameter in the function. The PATTERN variable represents the actual regular expression, which is the pattern to search for. A regular expression is usually a text literal, it can be one of CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, or NVARCHAR2, and it can be a maximum of 512 bytes long. You can also specify an optional match parameter to modify the matching behavior. For example, a value of i specifies case-insensitive matching, while c specifies case-sensitive matching.